How To Appliqué – an Introduction to Fabric Appliqué

UPDATE 2019: Welcome to my most popular tutorial on Molly and Mama! I’m so glad you found your way here. Appliqué has always been one of my favourite sewing techniques. When I first wrote this tutorial, I was creating designs for childrens’ clothing and decor. These days you’ll be more likely to find me sewing ‘quilty’ projects. But you’ll still find appliqué featuring in lots of my work.

My Milly Mouse Cushion Cover Pattern uses wool felt for the appliqué. I just love it!

When you’ve finished here, be sure to take a look around to see my other tutorials and projects too!

All About Appliqué

Appliqué is a really lovely way of adding shapes and patterns to your patchwork and quilting projects. Some people prefer needle-turn appliqué where the raw edges of the fabric shape are turned under, before the fabric is hand stitched onto the backing fabric.

The technique I describe here is often referred to as ‘raw edge’ appliqué because the cut edges of the fabric are left raw, but secured in place with stitching.

So welcome to my step-by-step guide for raw edge fabric appliqué, featuring this cute and free ‘little deer’ template. I used the template to create this sweet and simple Christmas cushion cover. But you can use these instructions to help you complete any fabric appliqué project, whether it’s one of your own designs or one you’ve purchased.

You Will Need

• Cotton fabric scraps in coordinating colours for your appliqué shapes. 100% cotton is recommended. But I also love to appliqué felt!
• A garment or base fabric to appliqué on to.
• A template, pattern, or line drawing to use as your design pattern. This tutorial uses my ‘little deer’ template. You can access it HERE, save it to your computer and print it whenever you need it.
• Paper-backed fusible heat bonding web like Vliesofix or Heat’n’Bond.
• Pen.
• Scissors.
• Iron and ironing board.
• Embroidery needle and thread or sewing machine with complimentary thread colours to your fabrics.

Before You Begin

Be sure to read the tutorial from beginning to end, before commencing your project. If you haven’t tried appliqué before, make sure you practice using some fabric scraps. Take your time. And enjoy it!

Which Stitch?

Appliqué shapes often need their raw edges protected to prevent fraying. I love to use ‘blanket stitch’. It gives a great finish, and adds to the longevity of the design. Many sewing machines will have a blanket stitch setting (which is what I use). Alternatively, you can hand stitch your appliqué. If you are new to hand stitching, a quick Internet search brings up lots of videos, images and tutorials for different stitch types. And this diagram can also help!

Apart from blanket stitch, you can also use a straight stitch, or tight zig zag (satin) stitch on your sewing machine. When satin stitching, it can be useful to use a stabiliser behind the fabric you are appliquéing on. ‘Tear away’ or even ‘freezer paper’ can be used to help stabilise the fabric and avoid stitch puckering. But for blanket stitch, I feel like a stabiliser can be more of a hindrance than a help. I like the freedom of stitching without it. You can manoeuvre your fabric more easily and get a neat finish.

Let’s Get Sewing

1. Trace Your Image, Pattern or Template

Choose a design to appliqué. There are lots of patterns you can purchase or you can use free designs like the deer I have included here.

Save the file and print it to a size that suits your project.  Remember that any design you use will produce an appliqué that is a ‘mirror image’ of the template you started with. If you’d like your appliqué to appear the same as the template, be sure to print it in reverse.

Using a pen, trace the template onto the paper side of your fusible web. If using a design with several pieces, be sure to leave sufficient cutting space between each piece (around 1/4″ or 5mm).

2. Cut Out

Roughly cut around your traced piece of fusible web ensuring you leave a small border. Do not cut on the drawn outline.

3. Secure The Fusible Web To Your Fabric

Take some time to decide on the fabric you will use, and where you will position your fusible web. Take note of fabric that has a directional print or pattern. You don’t want the pattern to be upside down on your project.

Also, try and always work with the fabric grain so that the threads in the fabric (the warp and weft) run vertical and horizontal across the template (and not diagonally).

If you’re using a design with many fabrics, take note of how they’ll overlap. You don’t want darker fabrics on the bottom that are layered with light coloured fabrics, as the dark under-fabric will show through.

Once you are happy with your fabric selection and placement, heat your iron to a hot non-steam setting. Place the fusible web piece onto the wrong side (the back) of your chosen fabric so that your template (on the paper side) is facing you and webbing is between the paper and the fabric. Fuse the paper to the fabric by running the hot iron over it for a few seconds.

NOTE: This method works best with 100% cotton fabric. If you are using fabric blends or materials like felt, be sure to protect it by using a press cloth or scrap of cotton fabric over the design.

4. Cut Out Your Template

Follow your traced lines to neatly cut out your appliqué piece. Don’t use your best scissors for this task!

Peel the backing paper off. If using a template with more than one piece, position the pieces neatly on your garment (or project fabric) so it all fits together nicely.

5. Secure Your Appliqué

When you are happy with your positioning, secure the appliqué fabric by going over it with a hot iron. The heat will ‘melt’ the bonding agent to secure your fabric to the garment or backing fabric. Press down gently with the iron instead of rubbing from side to side. You don’t want your fabric shapes to move around!

6. Time to Stitch

It’s time to blanket stitch around the raw edges of your appliqué design. You can also use a satin stitch (which is a tight zig-zag stitch), or a straight stitch on the sewing machine. Choose a stitch you are comfortable with. However, I find that a blanket stitch protects the raw edges of the fabric and gives the neatest finish.

In a design with a single piece of fabric, start stitching in an inconspicuous place (in a bend, corner, or a place that may be covered with a button or bow embellishment later).

You will need to pivot the fabric as you navigate bends and turns. But be sure the needle is down when you do!

For best results, take your time and stitch slowly and carefully.

For multi-piece appliqués, you would start stitching on the bottom layer of the appliquéd fabric. The top overlapped pieces are stitched last. Use different coloured sewing cotton or embroidery thread to match or compliment your chosen fabric if you wish. If you are stitching by hand, use two strands of embroidery thread.

Remember to secure your stitching well at the beginning and end (by back-stitching on the machine).

Here’s what your completed appliqué will look like from the back;

And from the front;

7. Add Any Embellishments

This template doesn’t require embellishing, but you can add a button for the deer’s nose or a bow around its neck. Be sure to attach all embellishments securely.

To add a bow, tie a small bow with some ribbon and trim the ends. Heat seal the ends with a heat sealing tool, or by quickly running a lighter flame along the cut edge of the ribbon to melt the fibres together. This ensures the bow doesn’t fray.

Position the bow and secure it to the appliqué by hand-stitching it firmly in place. Use sewing thread in a similar colour to the bow. I prefer to disguise my stitches under the bow ends and loops so they can’t be seen.

Tips For Appliqué

• Be sure to check your printer settings. Remember that your finished appliqué will be a mirror image of your template.
• Reduce or enlarge your template on your printer to create a suitably sized appliqué for your project.
• 100% cotton fabrics work best.
• Use a bobbin thread that matches the colour of your garment or base fabric.
• Use top threads in colours that coordinate with your appliqué pieces.
• Use the best quality sewing cotton you can. Gutermann and Aurifil are my brands of choice. I feel they give a better finish, a neater stitch and the cotton is less likely to break during stitching.
• Use an appliqué foot on your sewing machine if you can. It has a clear plastic base (often with a wide split at the front), so it’s much easier to see what you are doing (see above images).
• When sewing on t-shirts and knit fabric, use a ball point needle in your machine. This type of needle won’t break or damage knitted fibres, like a normal needle can.
• Some people like to use a stabiliser under the base fabric. ‘Tear-away’ or even freezer paper has been known to help keep stitching from puckering and moving during the appliqué stitch process. This is great when you choose a ‘satin stitch’ setting on your machine. I prefer not to use any form of stabiliser when using blanket stitch. This allows my sewing to have movement and flexibility while stitching, which gives a neater finish and allows my stitching to be more accurate.
• There are a number of online tutorials for tips and tricks when stitching appliqué with your machine. Get to know what your machine is capable of.
• Take your time when you are stitching. Practise makes perfect!
• Hand embroider and stitch using the best quality embroidery thread you can. I love DMC threads for their quality and range of colours too.

Other Projects

Once you’re feeling confident you can try more projects. This Sweet Heart appliqué tutorial is very easy to follow and the heart template is also free!

I’ve also included my Mabel Mushroom template as a freebie for you. For this design, you can appliqué the mushroom base and top, then the spots, before adding hand embroidered details.

Another design you might enjoy is the ‘Craftiness is Happiness Hoop’ pattern. This design is completely hand stitched.

The best advice I can give your for appliqué is to have fun, enjoy it and practise, practise, practise! If you have any extra tips or tricks to add, I’d love to hear them. So don’t be shy. Please leave a comment.

You can see heaps more inspiration over on Pinterest and Instagram too. I have a board specifically for appliqué designs, plus lots more. So feel free to follow Molly and Mama.

Thanks for taking the time out of your day to support Molly and Mama. If you’ve found this tutorial useful, let me know. And if you’d like to stay in touch, please feel free to sign up for my newsletter.

Happy stitching, Lauren x

This post was written by Lauren Wright and appeared first on Molly and Mama  http://www.MollyandMama.com.au